DIME Assimilation Report
Stanford's Database on Ideology, Money in Politics and Elections corrects more of this report's known defects than any other free source. It also has a hard access problem. Both are set out here before any ingestion.
What DIME is
DIME (Bonica, Stanford University Libraries) compiles 850 million itemized political contributions from 1979 to 2024 covering local, state and federal elections, with entity resolution, geocoding, and estimated ideology scores (CFscores) for 156,000+ candidates, 37,000+ committees and 36 million individual donors.
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Publisher | Adam Bonica, Stanford University Libraries |
| Current version | v4.0, span 1979–2024 |
| Licence (Stanford) | ODC-BY 1.0 — share, create, adapt, with attribution |
| Licence (Dataverse mirror) | CC0 1.0 |
| Cost | Free, no API key, no registration |
| Recipient file inspected | 176,777 rows × 74 columns |
Licensing is unusually permissive for an academic dataset — ODC-BY and CC0 both permit redistribution and derivative work. Attribution is required and is given on this page and in the Provenance Chain.
The single most important fact: it is mostly state and local
This report has an open defect: only 3 of 50 states publish machine-readable campaign finance, so 47 states are missing. DIME's recipient file breaks down as follows.
| Seat type | Recipients | Share |
|---|---|---|
| state: lower chamber | 77,673 | 43.9% |
| state: upper chamber | 25,661 | 14.5% |
| federal: House | 24,676 | 14.0% |
| federal: committee | 16,134 | 9.1% |
| state: committee | 13,558 | 7.7% |
| federal: Senate | 4,823 | 2.7% |
| state: office | 4,651 | 2.6% |
| state: judicial | 3,415 | 1.9% |
| state: governor | 2,048 | 1.2% |
| NYC: city | 1,471 | 0.8% |
| state: ballot measures | 520 | 0.3% |
| federal: president | 406 | 0.2% |
129,118 of 176,777 recipients are state or local — state legislatures, governors, judicial races, ballot measures and city offices, across 58 distinct jurisdiction codes. This is the layer that 47 state disclosure systems currently withhold from automated collection, already compiled and standardised.
What will be assimilated
Ingestion is planned in three tranches, easiest and most corrective first.
Tranche 1 — recipients (14 MB compressed)
One row per candidate/committee per cycle. Loads into a new usv_dime_recipients
table. The fields that matter:
- Crosswalk keys —
ICPSR(100% populated) joins directly to this report'susv_membersand 1.5M roll-call records;FEC.ID(47,710 rows) joins tousv_committees;bonica.rid/bonica.cidtrack the same actor across cycles and across levels of government. - CFscores —
recipient.cfscore(100% populated),contributor.cfscore,recipient.cfscore.dyn,irt.cfscore,dwdime. - Money totals —
total.receipts,total.indiv.contrib,total.pac.contribs,unitemized, and a full independent-expenditure breakdown (ind.exp.for/against,non.party.ind.exp.for/against,comm.cost.for/against,party.coord.exp). - Geography and outcome —
state,district,district.partisanship,district.pres.vs,gen.elect.pct,winner.
Tranche 2 — itemized contributions, 2024 cycle
Contribution-level records with geocoding to congressional district. Streamed and aggregated in flight under the same privacy rule already applied to FEC data: no donor names or addresses are persisted.
Tranche 3 — contributors and multi-cycle history
The donor file and prior cycles back to 1979, enabling the trend analysis this report has so far refused to attempt on a single cross-section.
Defects this corrects
| Open defect | DIME field | Effect |
|---|---|---|
| 47 states missing from the money layer | seat = state:* | Closes the largest coverage gap |
| H2 underpowered — party unity is a 92–97% ceiling variable (referee R2) | recipient.cfscore | Continuous, non-ceiling dependent variable; permits a sound retest |
| Entity resolution — flagged as the single most expensive task in this project | bonica.cid | Pre-solved across cycles and levels of government |
| District-level OCDI-Gov — v1.2 roadmap, blocked on a ZIP→district crosswalk | Geocoded records + district | Unblocks district-level divergence |
| Small-dollar understated — FEC itemisation threshold | unitemized | 94,828 recipients carry a non-zero unitemized total |
| Single cycle (referee R3) | 1979–2024 | 23 cycles; trend claims become possible |
| Presidential geography — currently a 90/10 assumption | district.pres.vs, contribDB_president | Partial: gives real presidential vote share by district |
The access problem
DIME v4.0 (through 2024) is distributed through Dropbox share links. Dropbox serves a
JavaScript interstitial to every non-browser client: curl receives a 189 KB HTML
page instead of the file, with or without a browser user-agent, cookie jar, or
dl=1/raw=1. The dl.dropboxusercontent.com host returns
403. There is no embedded direct URL to extract.
The Harvard Dataverse mirror (doi:10.7910/DVN/O5PX0B) downloads cleanly and
ungated over its API — but it is DIME v2, released 2019, spanning 1979–2014.
It ends ten years before the cycle this report covers.
So the two access routes are complementary and neither is sufficient alone. The v2 mirror was used to verify the schema, field completeness and seat-type distribution reported on this page — every figure above is measured from the real file, not from documentation. The v4.0 files require one manual browser download by an operator, after which ingestion is fully automated.
What DIME does not fix
- Public itemized files exclude CRP/NIMSP-sourced records. Stanford states this explicitly and directs researchers to request them separately for academic use. State itemized coverage in the public files is therefore partial, even though recipient-level totals remain.
- CFscores are estimates, not measurements. They are inferred from contribution patterns. Under this report's convention they must be rendered as modelled, never as measured, however well validated.
- It is money in, not money spent. DIME records contributions to recipients. It does not record where independent expenditure was targeted, so the presidential-allocation assumption on The Price of a Vote is improved but not eliminated.
- It does not resolve causation. A better ideology measure makes H2 testable, not answered. Money still correlates with position without that establishing direction.
DIME is the highest-value free source available to this project. It closes the state and local gap, hands over the entity resolution that was flagged as the single most expensive task here, and supplies the continuous variable needed to retest the hypothesis this report published as refuted. It is recommended for ingestion, with the two provisos above: CFscores are marked modelled, and the v4.0 files need one manual download.